Electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrids are increasingly common on Swedish roads. Driving them safely requires understanding how they differ from conventional petrol and diesel cars.
Electric Vehicles (BEV)
Battery electric vehicles produce no exhaust emissions and are silent at low speeds — a significant pedestrian hazard. Swedish law requires EVs to emit a minimum sound at low speeds (AVAS — Acoustic Vehicle Alerting System) to warn pedestrians and cyclists. EVs have instant torque, meaning very quick acceleration from a standstill — be smooth to maintain control.
Hybrid Vehicles (HEV/PHEV)
Hybrids use a combination of electric motor and combustion engine. They typically switch automatically between the two. Plug-in hybrids (PHEV) can run on electric only for 30–80 km before the engine starts. Regenerative braking recovers energy when slowing — the brake “feel” may differ from a conventional car.
Charging
Charging on public roads must be done safely — charging cables across pavements create trip hazards for pedestrians. Never charge with a damaged cable or in standing water.
Exam tip: The silent operation of EVs makes them a particular hazard to visually impaired pedestrians. This is why AVAS is a legal requirement at speeds below 20 km/h.